On May 26, Congresswoman Cynthia McKinney, Georgia’s only Congresswoman, introduced the Voter Choice Act (HB 2690). The bill features a requirement that starting in 2008, all federal elections to elect a single winner would use instant runoff voting. It would also assist states with the costs of implementing IRV. McKinney has introduced versions of the bill in almost every Congress since 1995. HB 2690 would also allow states to use proportional voting systems for Congress – indeed restoring a power states held as recently as 1967, when New Mexico and Hawaii elected House members from multi-seat districts.

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To provide that a State may use a proportional voting system for multiseat congressional districts, to require the use of instant runoff voting in certain elections for Federal office, and for other purposes.

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
May 26, 2005

Ms. MCKINNEY introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and in addition to the Committee on House Administration, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned

A BILL

To provide that a State may use a proportional voting system for multiseat congressional districts, to require the use of instant runoff voting in certain elections for Federal office, and for other purposes.

      Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

      This Act may be cited as the `Voter Choice Act of 2005'.

TITLE I--PERMITTING USE OF MULTISEAT DISTRICTS FOR HOUSE ELECTIONS

SEC. 101. MULTISEAT DISTRICTS PERMITTED FOR ELECTION OF REPRESENTATIVES FOR STATES WITH A PROPORTIONAL VOTING SYSTEM.

      (a) In General- Notwithstanding the Act entitled `An Act for the relief of Doctor Ricardo Vallejo Samala and to provide for congressional redistricting', approved December 14, 1967 (Public Law 90-196; 2 U.S.C. 2c), a State that is entitled to more than one Representative in Congress may establish a number of districts for election of Representatives that is less than the number of Representatives to which the State is entitled so long as Representatives are elected under a system which meets the following conditions:

            (1) The system meets the constitutional standard of majority rule and of individuals having equal voting power.

            (2) The system ensures the election of any candidate in a multiseat district who receives a share of votes cast that is at least one vote greater than one-third of the total number of votes cast in the district.

            (3) The number of residents per Representative is equal for all Representatives elected in the State.

      (b) No Restriction on Selection- Nothing in subsection (a)(2) may be construed to prohibit a State from using a system under which a candidate may be elected with less than one-third of the total votes cast in a multiseat district.

      (c) Single-Seat Districts Permitted in States Using Multiseat Districts- A State establishing multiseat districts under this title may establish such districts for the election of all Representatives in the State or in combination with one or more single-seat districts.

SEC. 102. RELATION TO VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965.

      The rights and remedies established by this title are in addition to all other rights and remedies provided by law, and the rights and remedies established by this title shall not supersede, restrict, or limit the application of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 1973 et seq.). Nothing in this title authorizes or requires conduct that is prohibited by the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 1973 et seq.).

TITLE II--INSTANT RUNOFF VOTING FOR FEDERAL ELECTIONS

SEC. 201. REQUIRING USE OF INSTANT RUNOFF VOTING FOR GENERAL ELECTIONS FOR FEDERAL OFFICE.

      (a) In General- Notwithstanding any other provision of law and except as provided in subsection (b), each State shall conduct general elections for Federal office held in the State during 2008 and each succeeding year using an instant runoff voting system, and shall ensure that the voting equipment and technology used to conduct the elections is compatible with such a system.

      (b) Exception for House Elections in Multiseat Districts- Subsection (a) shall not apply with respect to any election for the office of Member of the House of Representatives which is held in a multiseat district (as provided in title I).

      (c) Definitions- In this title, the following definitions apply:

            (1) The term `Federal office' has the meaning given such term in section 301(3) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 431(3)).

            (2) The term `instant runoff voting system' means a system for the election of candidates under which--

                  (A) runoff counts of candidates are conducted in rounds;

                  (B) voters may rank candidates on the ballot according to the order of preference;

                  (C) if in any round no candidate receives a majority of the votes cast, the candidate with the fewest number of votes is eliminated and the remaining candidates advance to the next round;

                  (D) in each round, a voter shall be considered to have cast one vote for the candidate the voter ranked highest on the ballot who has not been eliminated; and

                  (E) the runoff counts are carried out automatically at the time the votes are cast and tabulated.

            (3) The term `State' means each of the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, and the United States Virgin Islands.

SEC. 202. GRANTS TO STATES TO DEFRAY COSTS OF ADMINISTERING INSTANT RUNOFF VOTING SYSTEM.

      (a) Establishment of Grant Program- There is established a program under which the Election Assistance Commission (hereafter in this title referred to as the `Commission') shall make grants to eligible States to defray the costs of administering an instant runoff voting system or a proportional voting system, including the costs of purchasing voting equipment, software, and other technology necessary for such a system.

      (b) Plan for Program- Not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Commission shall develop and make public a plan describing the criteria to be used in the solicitation and approval of applications for grants under this title and the criteria to be used in overseeing the use of funds provided under such grants, except that under such criteria the Commission may not require a State to match any portion of the amount awarded as a condition of eligibility.

      (c) Eligibility of States-

            (1) IN GENERAL- A State is eligible to receive a grant under the program under this section if it submits to the Commission (in such form and manner as the Commission may require) an application containing such information and assurances as the Commission may require.

            (2) DEADLINE FOR APPLICATION- The Commission may not consider an application for a grant under this section unless the application is submitted prior to the expiration of the 60-day period which begins on the date the Commission makes public the plan developed under subsection (b).

            (3) DEADLINE FOR RESPONSE- The Commission shall approve or reject an application submitted under this subsection not later than 120 days after receiving the application.

            (4) CRITERIA FOR REJECTION- The Commission may not reject an application submitted under this subsection unless it finds that--

                  (A) the equipment, software, or other technology used to administer elections in the State is not compatible with an instant runoff voting system or a proportional voting system; or

                  (B) the State does not provide for appropriate education for voters, poll workers, and election officials in the use of an instant runoff voting system or a proportional voting system.

      (d) Cap on Amount of Grant- The amount of any grant awarded to a State under the program under this section may not exceed the product of--

            (1) the number of residents in the State at the time the grant is awarded (based on the most recent decennial census); and

            (2) $12.

      (e) Authorization of Appropriations- There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out the program under this section--

            (1) $500,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; and

            (2) such sums as may be necessary for fiscal year 2007 and each succeeding fiscal year.

SEC. 203. RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER LAWS.

      Nothing in this title may be construed to supersede or conflict with the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 1973aa et seq.) or the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (42 U.S.C. 1973gg et seq.).

 

October 19th 2009
A better election system
Lowell Sun

Election expert Doug Amy explains how choice voting can "inject new blood" into the elections of Lowell (MA), and give voters a greater incentive to participate.

October 16th 2009
Haven't Detroit voters spoken enough?
Livingston Daily

In Detroit, there have been three mayors in the past two years and the current one has come under scrutiny. Perhaps a system like instant runoff voting will help bring political stability to motor city.

August 21st 2009
Black candidate for Euclid school board to test new voting system
Cleveland Plain Dealer

Limited voting, a form of proportional voting, will be used in Euclid (OH), in the hopes of allowing better representation of minorities.

July 2nd 2009
Reforming Albany
New York Times

FairVote's Rob Richie responds in a letter to the editor making the case for proportional voting systems to bring substantive reform to New York's legislature.